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Questo documento descrive come installare pacchetti di debug in Ubuntu.

Edgy Eft 6.10

Usare questa sezione solo se si possiede Ubuntu Edgy 6.10. Anche in caso di versioni precedenti seguire quanto segue:

1. Aggiungere la seguente linea in /etc/apt/sources.list:

• {{{deb http://people.ubuntu.com/~pitti/ddebs edgy main universe

}}}

2. Importare la chiave pubblica di Martin sul sistema:

• wget -q "http://keyserver.ubuntu.com:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x0DE7276D5E0577F2" -O- | sudo apt-key add -

3. Quindi digitare

• sudo apt-get update

per aggiornare la lista dei pacchetti.

4. I simboli dei pacchetti del debug hanno allegato il suffisso '-dbgsym', cosi' per installare i simboli di debug per il pacchetto 'yelp', digitare:

• sudo apt-get install yelp-dbgsym

• Adesso e' stata realizzata una ["Backtrace"].
• Eseguire ["Valgrind"], se il programma crasha causa "Segmentation fault" o "Bus error".
• A scelta, potrebbe venir chiesta una ["Strace"].

Referenze

• Annunci: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-devel-announce/2006-September/000195.html

Feisty Fawn 7.04

Questo passo descrive quanto detto in precedenza per Edgy anche per Feisty, aggiungere la seguente linea al file /etc/apt/sources.list:

• {{{deb http://people.ubuntu.com/~pitti/ddebs feisty main universe

}}}

Gutsy Gibbon 7.10

Come gia' esposto in precedenza, aggiungere la seguente linea in '/etc/apt/sources.list' :

• {{{deb http://people.ubuntu.com/~pitti/ddebs gutsy main universe

}}}

Prior Ubuntu versions

Use this section if you are using an Ubuntu version prior to Edgy 6.10.

1. Check if the package has a debugging version available. In general, debugging packages will be named with a -dbg suffix

2. If not, you can generally* build one this way:

Something to keep in mind: if you would like to create a build you're going to need to have the relevant deb-src lines in your /etc/apt/sources.list

1. Install the development scripts:

   sudo apt-get install devscripts fakeroot

2. Find out to which package your program belongs to:

   dpkg --search <program> 

3. Install the build-time dependencies for the package:

   sudo apt-get build-dep <package>

4. Build .debs for debugging:

   export DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS="debug nostrip noopt"
   fakeroot apt-get source -b <package>

5. Install the needed .debs (they will be in the current working directory if the build succeeded):

   sudo debi <package>*.changes

* Most packages support the build of debugging version in this way. If this process doesn't work for a package, please open a bug against it.

The Xorg server

The X server will by default trap its own crashes and dump a stack trace in /var/log/Xorg.0.log. However, this stack trace is modified by the signal handler itself. To get a "normal" crash, which will trigger a core dump (and apport reporting), add this to your /etc/X11/xorg.conf:

Section "ServerFlags"
        Option "NoTrapSignals" "true"
EndSection

Info for the BugSquad

If you're trying to apport-retrace a crash report from a bug that didn't happen on the same Ubuntu release as the one you're running, do the following:

Say that you're running feisty and the crash happened on edgy:

1. This will create a minimal edgy system.

   sudo mkdir -p /chroots/edgy
   sudo debootstrap edgy /chroots/edgy/

2. Now you change into this minimal edgy system.

   sudo chroot /chroot/edgy

3. edit /etc/apt/sources/list and all the repositories you need, especially Martin's ddeb repository.

4. apt-get update; apt-get install gdb apport

5. use apport-retrace as you're used to.