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Nautilus scripting

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Il file-manager di nautilus supporta lo scripting anche se in modo limitato. I seguenti file possono essere copiati nella cartella nautilus-scripts. Molti di questi scripts coinvolgono i privilegi di root, che possono danneggiare seriamente il sistema in uso.

Directory nautilus-scripts: ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts o /home/<utente>/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts dove <utente> è l'utente desiderato.

Disporre i propri scripts nella directory e renderli eseguibili digitando in un terminale il seguente comando:

chmod +x <nome-dello-script>

Una volta fatto questo , gli scripts saranno disponibili in tutte le finestre di Nautilus sotto la voce File -> Script, e saranno richiamabili attraverso il clic con il tasto destro.

Manda via mail il file selezionato

Questo è veramente utile per cercare un file e inviarlo per email dalla posizione in cui ci si trova:

    #!/usr/bin/perl -w

    # By John Russell

    # This script sends the selected file(s) with your email client.

    use strict;

    my $MAILTO_URL="mailto:?";

    my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS});

    my $count = 0;

    foreach my $file (@files)

    {

        if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file )

        {

            my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file.    \n\n    Only regular files can be mailed.    ","200", "300");

            system (@dialog);

        }

        else

        {

           $MAILTO_URL = $MAILTO_URL . "attach=" . $file . "&";

               shift;

            $count += 1;

        }

    }

    if ($count > 0)

    {

        my @command = ("gnome-open", $MAILTO_URL);

        system(@command);

    }

La sintassi mailto: non funziona con mozilla-thunderbird. La seguente versione sembra invece funzionare con Thunderbird:

    #!/usr/bin/perl -w

    # By John Russell

    # and hacked to work with thunderbird by Darrell

    # This script sends the selected file(s) with mozilla-thunderbird.

    use strict;

    my $attach_string="\"attachment='";

    my @files = split("\n", $ENV{NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS});

    my $count = 0;

    foreach my $file (@files)

    {

        if ( ! -f $file && ! -l $file )

        {

            my @dialog = ("gdialog","--title","Error","--msgbox", "\nError: Can not send $file. \n\n    Only regular files can be mailed.    ","200", "300");

            system (@dialog);

        }

        else

        {

           $attach_string = $attach_string . "file://" . $file . ",";

               shift;

            $count += 1;

        }

    }

    if ($count > 0)

    {

        $attach_string = $attach_string . "'\"";

    # replace spaces with '%20' as demanded by mozilla/thunderbird    

        $attach_string =~ s/\s/%20/g;

    # invoke shell script to call thunderbird differently depending on whether it's running already or not

        my $command = ("~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments " . $attach_string);

        system($command);

    }

Nell'ultime righe dello script precedente viene richiesto il seguente script di shell, (indicato con ~/scripts/thunderbird-email-attachments. Attenzione a non posizionarlo nella directory nautilus-scripts, altrimenti sarebbe visibile nel menù contestuale):

    #!/bin/sh

    # if thunderbird is already running open a compose window in the running instance

            if `ps xc | grep -q mozilla-thunder`; then 

                    exec mozilla-thunderbird -a Mozilla-Thunderbird -remote         "xfeDoCommand(ComposeMessage,$1)"

    # else start a new instance with the compose window only

            else

                    exec mozilla-thunderbird -compose $1 

            fi

Montare un'immagine ISO

Montare un'immagine ISO, da Nautilus:

    #!/bin/bash

    #

    #By modprobing loop it makes sure that the module is loaded and ready for 

    #use.  If it is already loaded then nothing will happen.

    modprobe loop

    for I in `echo $*`

    do

       foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for root terminal access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`

    sudo mount -o loop -t iso9660 $I /media/iso

       done

    done

    exit0

Smontare un'immagine ISO

Smontare immagine ISO, da nautilus:

    #!/bin/bash

    #

    for I in `echo $*`

    do

       foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "inserire la tua password di root" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`

    sudo umount $I

      done

    done

    exit0

Impostare la sola lettura sui file

Cambiare i permessi dei file in sola lettura:

    #!/bin/bash

    chmod ugo-wx $*

Editare file con gedit usando i privilegi di root

    #!/bin/bash

    #

    for I in `echo $*`

    do

       foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "inserei la tua password di root" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`

    sudo gedit $I

       done

    done

    exit0

Aprire Nautilus con i privilegi di root

    #!/bin/bash

    # root-nautilus-here

    # opens a root-enabled instance of a nautilus window in selected location

    # requires sudo privileges and gksudo, which may involve security risks.

    #Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory.

    #

    # Placed in the public domain by Shane T. Mueller 2001

    # Fixes provided by Doug Nordwall

    #

    # 2004.04.18 -- keith@penguingurus.com - Added gksudo usage to provide popup

    #               password window if sudo has expired.  Line only echos got

    #               root to std output.  But gksudo updates your sudo access

    #               privs, so running nautilus with sudo will succeed

    #               without asking for a password.

    foo=`gksudo -u root -k -m "enter your password for nautilus root access" /bin/echo "got r00t?"`

    sudo nautilus --no-desktop $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI

Avviare file con i privilegi di root

    #!/bin/bash

    #

    for I in `echo $*`

    do

       /usr/bin/gksudo $I

       done

    done

    exit0

Aprire la finestra di ricerca

    #!/bin/sh

    # From Johnathan Bailes

    # This script opens a gnome-search-tool in the directory you select.

    #

    # Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later

    #

    # Install in your ~/Nautilus/scripts directory.

    # You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts.

    cd $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI

    exec gnome-search-tool

Aprire il terminale

    #!/bin/bash

    #

    # This script opens a gnome-terminal in the directory you select.

    #

    # Distributed under the terms of GNU GPL version 2 or later

    #

    # Install in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts or ~/Nautilus/scripts

    # You need to be running Nautilus 1.0.3+ to use scripts.

    # When a directory is selected, go there. Otherwise go to current

    # directory. If more than one directory is selected, show error.

    if [ -n "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS" ]; then

        set $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_FILE_PATHS

        if [ $# -eq 1 ]; then

            destination="$1"

            # Go to file's directory if it's a file

            if [ ! -d "$destination" ]; then

                destination="`dirname "$destination"`"

            fi

        else

            zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \

               --text="You can only select one directory."

            exit 1

        fi

    else

        destination="`echo "$NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_CURRENT_URI" | sed 's/^file:\/\///'`"

    fi

    # It's only possible to go to local directories

    if [ -n "`echo "$destination" | grep '^[a-zA-Z0-9]\+:'`" ]; then

        zenity --error --title="Error - Open terminal here" \

           --text="Only local directories can be used."

        exit 1

    fi

    cd "$destination"

    exec x-terminal-emulator

Nascondi o visualizza file nascosti

    #!/bin/sh

    # When hidden files (.emacs, etc) are hidden, shows "Show Hidden Files" option.

    # When hidden files are shown, shows "Hide Hidden Files" option.

    # Uses gconf to toggle between the two Nautilus options.

    # Should be placed in ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/ with executable permission.

    OLDSTATE=$(gconftool-2 --get "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files")

    if [ "$OLDSTATE" == "false" ] ; then

      NEWSTATE="True"

      mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files

    else

      NEWSTATE="False"

      mv ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Hide\ Dot\ Files ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Show\ Dot\ Files

    fi

    gconftool-2 --set "/desktop/gnome/file_views/show_hidden_files" --type boolean $NEWSTATE

È possibile fare lo stesso con la combinazione di tasti CTRL+H su Nautilus.

Ulteriori risorse

• [wiki:Ubuntu/NautilusScriptsHowto Documento originale]

CategoryProgrammazione